7.1 Describe Spencer’s notion of social Darwinism.
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7.2 Why was the United States so receptive to Spencer’s ideas about social Darwinism?
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7.3 Who extended Darwin’s ideas on evolution to machines? Describe this person’s position on mechanical evolution.
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7.4 Why
was the type of calculating machine developed by Babbage in the
mid-nineteenth century no longer appropriate by the end of that century?
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7.5 Describe Hollerith’s approach to processing information by machine.
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7.6 What is neurasthenia? What segment of nineteenth-century American society was most likely to be afflicted with neurasthenia?
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7.7 How did the prescribed cures for neurasthenia differ for men and for women?
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7.8 Why was James considered to be the most important American psychologist? Describe his attitude toward laboratory work.
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7.9 How did James’s view of consciousness differ from Wundt’s view? According to James, what was the purpose of consciousness?
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7.10 What
methods did James consider appropriate for the study of consciousness?
What was the value of pragmatism for the new psychology?
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7.11 According
to James, what are the components of a person’s sense of self? What
role does clothing seem to play in our sense of self, in James’s view?
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7.12 Describe
the variability hypothesis and its influence on the idea of male
superiority. How did research by Woolley and Hollingworth refute these
ideas?
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7.13 How
was the work of G. Stanley Hall influenced by Darwin’s evolutionary
theory? Describe Hall’s recapitulation theory of development.
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7.14 What “firsts” in American psychology can be attributed to Hall? Why was he called a genetic psychologist?
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7.15 In
what ways did Titchener and Dewey contribute to the founding of
functional psychology? Why was there no single form of functionalism as
there was a single structuralism?
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7.16 According
to Angell, what were functionalism’s three major themes? According to
Carr, what is the proper subject matter of psychology?
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7.17 Describe
Woodworth’s dynamic psychology and his views on introspection. Did
Woodworth consider himself to be a functional psychologist? Why or why
not?
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7.18 Compare functionalism’s contributions to psychology with the contributions of structuralism.
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7.19 Why did applied psychology develop under functionalism and not under structuralism?
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